High-Functioning Anxiety: Symptoms and Causes

Anxiety is considered a normal emotion that causes fear, increased blood pressure, or a rapid heart rate. Some people also have high-functioning anxiety, which is not really a clinical diagnosis. People who live with high-functioning anxiety often seem very successful at work. They have a seemingly perfect exterior, but they are constantly battling anxiety. Wondering if you have high-functioning anxiety? Read on to learn the symptoms of high-functioning anxiety and what you can do about it.

What is high-functioning anxiety?

High-functioning anxiety is not a clinical diagnosis, but a term used to describe people who experience persistent anxiety while successfully managing their daily tasks and responsibilities, says clinical psychologist Dr. Rituparna Ghosh. It is most commonly diagnosed as generalized anxiety disorder. Since anxiety disorders, the most common mental health disorders in the world, affected 301 million people in 2019, according to the World Health Organisationit demands attention.

What are the symptoms of high-functioning anxiety?

From physical symptoms like fatigue and muscle tension to behavioral patterns like overthinking and people-pleasing, the internal struggles of those with high-functioning anxiety can manifest in a variety of ways. Here are some signs:

1. Strive to overachieve

People with high-functioning anxiety are driven by a relentless need to succeed and often place excessively high demands on themselves and others. They strive for perfection in their work and are easily frustrated by setbacks.

2. People-pleasing behavior

The need for approval and fear of disappointing others can lead to people-pleasing behavior. They may put the needs of others above their own, have trouble saying no, and avoid confrontation or conflict, the expert says.

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3. Overthinking and lack of mindfulness

With excessive worry and negative thoughts, these people may replay past events, predict future problems, and overanalyze situations. This can lead to difficulty relaxing and being in the present moment.

4. Physical symptoms

The constant state of alertness and worry can take a toll on the body. Common physical symptoms include fatigue, insomnia, headaches, muscle tension, digestive problems and increased heart rate, says Dr. Ghosh.

What causes high-functioning anxiety?

The exact cause of high-functioning anxiety is unknown, but it is likely a combination of many factors. The causes are similar to general anxiety and can include genetics, personality traits, past traumatic events and ongoing stressful life circumstances, the expert says. Environmental factors and pressures at work or school also contribute significantly.

• There may be a family history of anxiety disorders or other mental illnesses, which increases susceptibility.
• Certain personality traits, such as perfectionism and high sensitivity, are associated with an increased risk of developing anxiety.
• An imbalance in neurotransmitters, such as serotonin and dopamine, which regulate mood and anxiety, may play a role.
• Stressful life events such as trauma, abuse or major life changes can trigger or exacerbate anxiety. Chronic stress from work, relationships or financial worries can play a major role in its development.

What are the pros and cons of high-functioning anxiety?

These are the positive and negative effects of high-functioning anxiety:

Benefits of High Functioning Anxiety

Benefits include high productivity, strong organizational skills, and meticulous attention to detail. The drive to succeed and fear of failure can fuel ambition and lead to high levels of achievement in various aspects of life. Individuals with high-functioning anxiety are often adept at anticipating problems and finding solutions because of their tendency to overthink and overanalyze situations. For these reasons, they are naturally considered valuable assets in an organization.

Disadvantages of High-Functioning Anxiety

The constant pressure to perform and the internal battle with anxiety can lead to chronic stress with physical and emotional exhaustion, increasing the risk of burnout, as well as physical health problems such as cardiovascular disease, digestive problems, and weakened immune function. Social isolation and a reduced quality of life can also result from the constant internal turmoil. They may find it challenging to develop lasting relationships and form real connections due to their people-pleasing and avoidant behavior.

How can high-functioning anxiety be treated?

Depending on the severity, antidepressants or anti-anxiety medications may be prescribed to manage anxiety symptoms. Other options include:

1. Therapy

Therapy, particularly cognitive behavioral therapy, can help people identify and challenge negative thinking patterns and develop coping mechanisms to manage anxiety. Therapy may focus on accepting difficult thoughts and feelings.

2. Attention

Getting enough sleep and choosing mindfulness exercises play a crucial role in managing symptoms. Meditation can help people become aware of their thoughts and feelings without judgment, which promotes a sense of calm and acceptance, the expert says.

3. Physical activity

It releases endorphins, which have mood-enhancing effects and can help reduce anxiety and stress. Also, a balanced diet, which means eating vegetables, whole grains, and fruits, can provide the body with essential nutrients for optimal mental health.

How can you help someone with high-functioning anxiety?

Be supportive and understanding. You need to listen to them patiently and without judgment. Avoid minimizing their feelings and help them create a less stressful environment by helping them prioritize tasks and set realistic goals. Being a consistent and reassuring presence is beneficial for them, says the expert.

People with high-functioning anxiety may struggle internally with anxious thoughts and feelings, but on the outside they appear calm and collected. They are often successful and competent in many aspects of life. However, underneath the surface, they suffer from constant worry and anxiety and self-doubt. It is important to consult a doctor if anxiety begins to significantly interfere with daily life, causes distress, or leads to physical symptoms.